光電子能譜(X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy: XPS)亦為研究材料表面科學的一個重要技術,用以定量由表面至約10奈米深度的元素組成、化學態及電子態。
X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), also known as Electron Spectroscopy for Chemical Analysis (ESCA), mainly used to obtain chemical details of the surface of condense materials.